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Remove outdated FAQ_confidentiality TOC entry
content is outdated and covered in the architecture FAQ. [ci-skip] Change-Id: I083d86dd8e2310404c5923ccf3950e303f9e3903 Signed-off-by: Nick Gaski <[email protected]>
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docs/source/index.rst

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Welcome to Fabric
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=================
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Hyperledger Fabric is a social innovation that is about to free innovators in startups,
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enterprises and government to transform and radically reduce the cost of working together
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across organizations. By the end of this section, you should have the essential understanding
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Hyperledger Fabric is a social innovation that is about to free innovators in startups,
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enterprises and government to transform and radically reduce the cost of working together
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across organizations. By the end of this section, you should have the essential understanding
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of Fabric you need to start *knitting* together a great business network.
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Fabric is a network of networks, like the Internet itself. An application can use one or more
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networks, each managing different :ref:`Assets`, Agreements and Transactions between different
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sets of :ref:`Member` nodes. In Fabric, the Ordering Service is the foundation of each network.
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The founder of a network selects an Ordering Service (or creates a new one) and passes in a
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config file with the rules (usually called Policies) that govern it. Examples of these rules
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include setting/defining which Members can join the network, how Members can be added or removed,
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and configuration details like block size. While it is possible for one company to set and control
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these rules as a "dictator," typically these rules will also include policies that make changing
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the rules a matter of consensus among the members of the network. Fabric also requires some level of
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"endorsement" in order to transact. Check out the power and intricacy of :doc:`endorsement-policies`
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, which are used across the Fabric landscape - from a consortium's network configuration to a simple
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Fabric is a network of networks, like the Internet itself. An application can use one or more
10+
networks, each managing different :ref:`Assets`, Agreements and Transactions between different
11+
sets of :ref:`Member` nodes. In Fabric, the Ordering Service is the foundation of each network.
12+
The founder of a network selects an Ordering Service (or creates a new one) and passes in a
13+
config file with the rules (usually called Policies) that govern it. Examples of these rules
14+
include setting/defining which Members can join the network, how Members can be added or removed,
15+
and configuration details like block size. While it is possible for one company to set and control
16+
these rules as a "dictator," typically these rules will also include policies that make changing
17+
the rules a matter of consensus among the members of the network. Fabric also requires some level of
18+
"endorsement" in order to transact. Check out the power and intricacy of :doc:`endorsement-policies`
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, which are used across the Fabric landscape - from a consortium's network configuration to a simple
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read operation.
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We mentioned that the Ordering Service (OS) is the foundation of the network, and you're probably
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thinking, "It must do something beyond just ordering." Well you're right! All members and entities
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in the network will be tied to a higher level certificate authority, and this authority is defined
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within the configuration of the Ordering Service. As a result, the OS can verify and authenticate
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transactions arriving from any corner of the network. The OS plays a central and critical role in
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the functionality and integrity of the network, and skeptics might fear too much centralization of
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power and responsibility. After all, that's a principal feature of shared ledger technology - to
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decentralize the control and provide a foundation of trust with entities who you CAN'T wholeheartedly
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trust. Well let's assuage that fear. The OS is agnostic to transaction details; it simply orders on
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a first-come-first-serve basis and returns blocks to their corresponding channels. Perhaps more
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importantly though, control of the ordering service can be shared and co-administered by the
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participating members in the network. OR, if even that solution is untenable, then the OS can be
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hosted and maintained by a trusted third-party. Fabric is built upon a modular and pluggable
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architecture, so the only real decision for business networks is how to configure an OS to meet
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their requirements.
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(This notion of the OS as a pluggable component also opens the door to exciting opportunities for
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innovative teams and individuals. Currently there are only a few OS orchestrations - Solo and Kafka.
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However, other options such as Intel's PoET or certain BFT flavors could be powerful supplementaries to Fabric,
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We mentioned that the Ordering Service (OS) is the foundation of the network, and you're probably
23+
thinking, "It must do something beyond just ordering." Well you're right! All members and entities
24+
in the network will be tied to a higher level certificate authority, and this authority is defined
25+
within the configuration of the Ordering Service. As a result, the OS can verify and authenticate
26+
transactions arriving from any corner of the network. The OS plays a central and critical role in
27+
the functionality and integrity of the network, and skeptics might fear too much centralization of
28+
power and responsibility. After all, that's a principal feature of shared ledger technology - to
29+
decentralize the control and provide a foundation of trust with entities who you CAN'T wholeheartedly
30+
trust. Well let's assuage that fear. The OS is agnostic to transaction details; it simply orders on
31+
a first-come-first-serve basis and returns blocks to their corresponding channels. Perhaps more
32+
importantly though, control of the ordering service can be shared and co-administered by the
33+
participating members in the network. OR, if even that solution is untenable, then the OS can be
34+
hosted and maintained by a trusted third-party. Fabric is built upon a modular and pluggable
35+
architecture, so the only real decision for business networks is how to configure an OS to meet
36+
their requirements.
37+
38+
(This notion of the OS as a pluggable component also opens the door to exciting opportunities for
39+
innovative teams and individuals. Currently there are only a few OS orchestrations - Solo and Kafka.
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However, other options such as Intel's PoET or certain BFT flavors could be powerful supplementaries to Fabric,
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and help solve challenging use cases.)
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To participate in the Network, each Organization maintains a runtime called a :ref:`Peer`, which will
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allow an application to participate in transactions, interact with the Ordering Service, and maintain
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a set of ledgers. Notice we said a set of ledgers. One of Fabric's key innovations is the ability to
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run multiple :ref:`Channel` s on each network. This is how a network can conduct both highly confidential
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bilateral transactions and multilateral, or even public, transactions in the same solution without
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everyone having a copy of every transaction or run the code in every agreement.
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To participate in the Network, each Organization maintains a runtime called a :ref:`Peer`, which will
44+
allow an application to participate in transactions, interact with the Ordering Service, and maintain
45+
a set of ledgers. Notice we said a set of ledgers. One of Fabric's key innovations is the ability to
46+
run multiple :ref:`Channel` s on each network. This is how a network can conduct both highly confidential
47+
bilateral transactions and multilateral, or even public, transactions in the same solution without
48+
everyone having a copy of every transaction or run the code in every agreement.
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Watch how Fabric is `Building a Blockchain for Business <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKa5Gh9whgU>`__ .
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If you're still reading, you clearly have some knowledge and an interest in distributed ledger
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technology, AND you probably think a key piece is missing. Where is consensus in all of this? Well,
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it's embedded in the entire life cycle of a transaction. Transactions come into the network, and the
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submitting client's identity is verified and consented upon. Transactions then get executed and endorsed,
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and these endorsements are consented upon. Transactions get ordered, and the validity of this order is
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consented upon. Finally, transactions get committed to a shared ledger, and each transaction's subsequent
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impact on the state of the involved asset(s) is consented upon. Consensus isn't pigeonholed into one
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module or one function. It lives and exists throughout the entire DNA of Fabric. Fabric is built
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with security at the forefront, not as an afterthought. Members and participating entities operate with
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known identities, and no action on the network circumvents the sign/verify/authenticate mandate. Requirements
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such as security, privacy and confidentiality are paramount in some manner to nearly all business dealings,
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and they, like consensus, are stitched into the very essence of Fabric.
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So what problem do you want to solve? What assets are at stake? Who are the players? What levels of
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security and encryption do you need? Fabric is designed to provide an answer and solution to this
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challenging collective of questions and beyond. Just like fabric - in the literal sense of the word - is
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used in everything from airplane seats to bespoke suits, solutions built on Hyperledger Fabric can range
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from diamond provenance to equities trading. Explore the documentation and see how you can leverage Fabric
52+
If you're still reading, you clearly have some knowledge and an interest in distributed ledger
53+
technology, AND you probably think a key piece is missing. Where is consensus in all of this? Well,
54+
it's embedded in the entire life cycle of a transaction. Transactions come into the network, and the
55+
submitting client's identity is verified and consented upon. Transactions then get executed and endorsed,
56+
and these endorsements are consented upon. Transactions get ordered, and the validity of this order is
57+
consented upon. Finally, transactions get committed to a shared ledger, and each transaction's subsequent
58+
impact on the state of the involved asset(s) is consented upon. Consensus isn't pigeonholed into one
59+
module or one function. It lives and exists throughout the entire DNA of Fabric. Fabric is built
60+
with security at the forefront, not as an afterthought. Members and participating entities operate with
61+
known identities, and no action on the network circumvents the sign/verify/authenticate mandate. Requirements
62+
such as security, privacy and confidentiality are paramount in some manner to nearly all business dealings,
63+
and they, like consensus, are stitched into the very essence of Fabric.
64+
65+
So what problem do you want to solve? What assets are at stake? Who are the players? What levels of
66+
security and encryption do you need? Fabric is designed to provide an answer and solution to this
67+
challenging collective of questions and beyond. Just like fabric - in the literal sense of the word - is
68+
used in everything from airplane seats to bespoke suits, solutions built on Hyperledger Fabric can range
69+
from diamond provenance to equities trading. Explore the documentation and see how you can leverage Fabric
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to craft a PoC for your own business network.
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.. NOTE:: This build of the docs is from the "|version|" branch
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 2
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:caption: Getting Started
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included
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asset_setup
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 2
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:caption: Key Concepts
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:caption: Key Concepts
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overview
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fabric_model
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biz/usecases
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 2
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ledger
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readwrite
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gossip
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 2
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:caption: Troubleshooting and FAQs
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troubleshooting
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FAQ/architecture_FAQ
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FAQ/chaincode_FAQ
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FAQ/confidentiality_FAQ
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FAQ/identity_management_FAQ
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.. toctree::

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