Inheritance9.h

#pragma once

#define PI 3.14159265358979323846

class RhombusInheritanceDemo
{

	// òî÷êà
	class Point
	{
	protected:
		double x_;
		double y_;
		
	public:
		Point()
		{
			cout << "Point default c-tor!\n";
			x_ = y_ = 5;
		}
		Point(int x, int y)
		{
			cout << "Point param c-tor!\n";
			x_ = x;
			y_ = y;
		}
		void Print() const
		{
			cout << "Point - X: " << x_ << ", Y: " << y_ << "\n";
		}
		~Point()
		{
			//cout << "Point destructor!\n";
		}
	};

	// îêðóæíîñòü
	class Circle : virtual public Point
	{
	protected:
		double radius_;
		double area_;
		
	public:
		Circle()
		{
			cout << "Circle default c-tor!\n";
			radius_ = 5;
			area_ = PI * radius_ * radius_;
		}
		Circle(int center_x, int center_y, int radius) : Point(center_x, center_y)
		{
			cout << "Circle param c-tor!\n";
			radius_ = radius;
			area_ = PI * radius_ * radius_;
		}
		void Print() const
		{
			//Point::Print();
			cout << x_ << " " << y_ << " " << radius_ << "\n";
		}
		~Circle()
		{
			//cout << "Circle destructor!\n";
		}
	};

	// êâàäðàò
	class Square : virtual public Point
	{
	protected:
		double side_;
		double area_; // TO DO: remove redundant field
		
	public:
		Square()
		{
			cout << "Square c-tor!\n";
			side_ = 10;
			area_ = abs(side_) * abs(side_);
		}
		void Print() const
		{
			//Point::Print();
			cout << x_ << " " << y_ << " " << side_ << "\n";
		}
		~Square()
		{
			//cout << "Square destructor!\n";
		}
	};

	// îêðóæíîñòü, âïèñàííàÿ â êâàäðàò
	class SquareCircle : public Circle, public Square
	{
		double exclusive_area_;
		
	public:
		SquareCircle()
		{
			x_ = 0;
			y_ = 0;
			cout << "SquareCircle c-tor!\n";
			exclusive_area_ = Square::area_ - Circle::area_; // OOPS!
		}
		void Print() const
		{
			//Square::Print();
			//Circle::Print();
			cout << x_ << " " << y_ << " " << side_ << "\n";
			cout << "SquareCircle::Print - OOPS!\n";
		}
		~SquareCircle()
		{
			cout << "SquareCircle destructor!\n";
		}
	};

	/*
	Â ñîâðåìåííîé ìåòîäîëîãèè îáúåêòíî-îðèåíòèðîâàííîãî
	ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ ñóùåñòâóåò òðè ñïîñîáà ðåøåíèÿ ýòîé ïðîáëåìû.
	
	Ïåðâûé – îáúåäèíÿòü òàêèå ïîëÿ â îäíî ïîëå â ïðîèçâîäíîì êëàññå
	(íóæåí âèðòóàëüíûé áàçîâûé êëàññ).
	// https://ravesli.com/urok-169-virtualnyj-bazovyj-klass/
	
	Âòîðîé – ðàññìàòðèâàòü òàêîé êîíôëèêò êàê îøèáêó
	(òî åñòü, âîîáùå ñòàðàòüñÿ íå ïðèìåíÿòü ìí. íàñëåäîâàíèå!).
	
	È, íàêîíåö, òðåòèé, ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóåìûé â C++, – èñïîëüçîâàòü
	îïåðàöèþ ðàçðåøåíèÿ êîíòåêñòà äëÿ äîñòóïà ê òàêèì ïîëÿì
	â ïðîèçâîäíîì êëàññå.
	*/

public:
	static void Test()
	{
		Point point;
		point.Print();
		cout << "\n==============================\n\n";
		
		Circle circle;
		circle.Print();
		cout << "\n==============================\n\n";

		Square square;
		square.Print();
		cout << "\n==============================\n\n";

		SquareCircle sc;
		sc.Print();
		cout << "\n==============================\n\n";
	}
};

// RhombusInheritanceDemo::Test();